**Profile**

**Country:** Germany
**City:** Zittau
**Population:** around 25,000
**Province:** Saxony
**Size in km²:** approx. 66
**Distance to capital:** about 90 km (to Dresden)
**Elevation above sea level:** 250 m
**Founding year:** 1255
**Official language:** German

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**Poem:**

In Zittau, where rivers meet,
Towers rise with pride, elite.
A city of tales from days of old,
In Saxon lands, a gem of gold.

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**Travel Guide: Zittau – Baroque Treasures, Historic Trade Routes, and the Magic of Nature in the Tri-Border Region**

Nestled in the easternmost part of Germany near the borders of Poland and the Czech Republic, Zittau is a charming town known for its rich history, well-preserved old town, and unique natural surroundings in the Zittau Mountains. Once a key trading hub on the “Via Regia,” Zittau now draws culture and nature enthusiasts alike. Its blend of historic architecture and varied outdoor activities in the verdant hills make Zittau a unique destination in this tri-border region.

### History

The history of Zittau dates back to the Middle Ages. Founded in 1255, it quickly grew into an important trading center, due in part to its location on the “Via Regia,” a significant trade route connecting Eastern and Western Europe. As part of the “Lusatian League,” an alliance of six Saxon cities, Zittau gained economic and political strength, shaping the region for centuries. This legacy is still palpable today as visitors stroll through the old town, where historic patrician houses and sacred buildings reflect the city’s past grandeur.

### Location and Geography

Zittau lies at the heart of the Zittau Basin, surrounded by the gentle slopes of the Zittau Mountains. This small but beautiful mountain range is characterized by dense forests, sandstone formations, and picturesque valleys. The nearby Olbersdorfer Lake invites visitors to swim, hike, and cycle, while the peaks of the Zittau Mountains offer breathtaking views over the region, extending into Poland and the Czech Republic. The tri-border location makes it easy to experience multiple cultures within a short distance.

### Distinctive Characteristics

Zittau merges the charm of an old trading town with a modern lifestyle and diverse cultural offerings. The old town is marked by baroque townhouses, historic churches, and an eye-catching town hall with its grand facade and neo-Gothic style. The city is particularly known for its Zittau Lenten Veil, one of the last remaining large Lenten veils in Europe, displayed in the Church of St. Cross. This cultural treasure, depicting scenes from the life of Jesus, draws art and history lovers from all over.

### Attractions

In addition to the Lenten Veil, Zittau boasts other significant sights, such as St. John’s Church, the “Franciscan Monastery Cultural History Museum,” and the Salt House Square with its historical buildings. A must-see is the “Great Zittau Lenten Veil” from 1472, housed in St. Mary’s Church, which is one of the largest surviving Lenten veils worldwide. Zittau’s market square, framed by beautifully restored townhouses, forms the city’s historic core and invites visitors to take a leisurely stroll through history.

### Culture and Museums

Zittau offers a wealth of cultural experiences. The Gerhart Hauptmann Theater features a variety of performances, ranging from plays to opera, dance, and ballet. At the Cultural History Museum, visitors can learn more about the city’s fascinating past and the importance of the Lusatian League. The “Schauwerk Zittau,” a modern art museum, is also worth a visit, displaying works by contemporary artists and offering a variety of rotating exhibitions.

### Notable Residents

Over the centuries, Zittau has been home to or an inspiration for a number of prominent figures. The poet Johann Gottfried Seume, the writer Gustav Hesselbach, and other notable personalities have lived and worked here. This deep connection to culture and the arts remains evident today in the city’s support of literature and the arts.

### Local Specialties and Markets

Culinary enthusiasts can enjoy a variety of traditional Saxon dishes and regional specialties in Zittau. Dishes featuring “linseed oil,” a regional delicacy often served with potatoes, are especially popular. The weekly market is a great opportunity to discover local specialties, fresh produce, and homemade treats. Beer lovers will also find something to enjoy, as Zittau’s brewing traditions are held in high esteem.

### Outdoor Activities: Cycling, Hiking, and Nature Experiences

The Zittau Mountains are a paradise for hikers and cyclists. Numerous trails wind through dense forests and along striking rock formations typical of the area. Popular destinations include Oybin Castle and Hochwald Mountain, which offer stunning views of the surrounding landscapes. Well-developed cycling routes meander through the gentle hills and alongside rivers. The “Zittau Narrow-Gauge Railway” offers a nostalgic way to experience the area, letting nature lovers explore the region in a charming, vintage train.

### Nightlife

While Zittau’s nightlife is modest, it is lively and welcoming. Several pubs and small bars offer a pleasant setting for a relaxed evening. Summer evenings are particularly delightful, as the squares and alleys of the old town become stages for street performers, allowing locals and visitors to soak in the city’s charm under the open sky.

### Annual Festivals

Zittau hosts numerous festivals and events throughout the year, offering insights into the region’s culture and traditions. The traditional summer city festival draws crowds with music, dance, and regional specialties. In December, the market square transforms into a festive Christmas market, offering local crafts and seasonal treats. The Lenten Veil Festival, celebrating the history of the Zittau Lenten Veil, is another highlight on the city’s cultural calendar.

### Attractions in the Surrounding Area

The surroundings of Zittau offer numerous attractions, including St. Marienthal Monastery, the oldest Cistercian women’s monastery in Germany, and Ostritz Castle with its romantic park. Another highlight is Oybin Spa Town, a picturesque village with an impressive castle complex and a beautiful church. Nearby cities like Görlitz and Bautzen are also worth exploring and are just a short drive away.

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**Conclusion**

Situated at the gateway to the Zittau Mountains, Zittau combines history, nature, and culture in a unique way. Its historical treasures, scenic outdoor activities, and authentic charm attract numerous visitors each year. Zittau offers the perfect mix of relaxation, culture, and adventure, making it a rewarding destination for those looking to experience one of Saxony’s most charming cities.